Violence in religion
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We refer to religious violence with the concept that covers all phenomena in which religion, in any of its forms, is the subject or object of violent behaviour1 and includes violence motivated by religious precepts, texts or doctrines, including violence motivated by the religious aspects of the target of the violence.
Religious violence tends to emphasise the symbolic aspect of the act and its actor may be individual or collective. Maurice Bloch highlights how religion and politics are two sides of the same coin.
Without going into religious preferences, we can analyse some violent aspects of different religions:
Violence against people with disabilities
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VIOLENCE AGAINST PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
Violence in general is one of the biggest problems in society, but in the case of people with disabilities this violence is increased. When we talk about disability, we refer to the condition under which certain people have some physical, intellectual or sensory impairment (among others) that, in the short or long term, affects the way they interact and participate fully in society.
Violence at school
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VIOLENCE AT SCHOOL
When we talk about violence at school or school violence, we understand it as intentionally harmful action between members of the educational community that takes place within the physical spaces of the school premises or in other spaces directly related to school (around the school or places where activities take place outside the school). Bullying in schools can take many forms, ranging from physical violence, sexual violence to psychological violence, and often results in acts of intimidation and repression. (Council of Europe, 2020). Bullying has been widely documented as one of the most widespread forms of school violence, affecting 1 in 3 young people. A report recently published by UNESCO reveals that more than 30% of pupils worldwide have been victims of bullying. (UNESCO, 2020).
Non violence - sport
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VIOLENCE IN SPORT
Violence in sport is tolerated more than in other contexts, so we tell you everything you need to know to identify it and stop it.
Violence in sport is a problem with a large "black number": its violent expressions often go unreported and unreported. In addition, there is a macho element that is unfortunately still very present in the sporting landscape. According to the report, 97% of those sanctioned for acts of violence in the sporting arena are men. Why does sport have such a high level of tolerance for violence? The report of a leading university shows that acts of violence are indeed tolerated, which in other contexts of society would not be tolerated at all.
For Avendaño, a sociologist of great prestige in Venezuela, one of the keys lies in the fact that "as the public in sporting competitions move within much wider limits of permissibility, as they are motivated to achieve motivation and identification, as well as being in a game in which tensions between groups are about to explode, it would be no surprise if they often lose control, behaving in a way that causes injuries to other people and things around them". In other words, there is a special tolerance for violent behaviour in sport that does not exist in other social spheres, and which often stems from the feeling of "mass" and the anonymity it allows to commit it and get away with it.
Non violence - Strikes
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HOW TO PROTECT YOUR RIGHTS AND FIGHT FOR THEM IN A NON-VIOLENT WAY.
Nonviolent struggle or resistance refers to a tactic of protest related to civil disobedience that advocates the achievement of political, social, and cultural change without the use of violence as a political weapon. In practice it uses symbolic protests and acts of non-cooperation in political and economic areas.
In this regard, the American political scientist Erica Chenoweth studied non-violent civil movements between 1900 and 2006 and found that non-violent civil resistance demonstrations were twice as successful as violent protests. The reason is that the former was able to garner greater numbers and diversity of social support while reducing citizen cooperation with oppressive political systems.
Among the demonstrations analyzed in the study are those in the Philippines between 1983 and 1986 as part of the "People Power" campaign, which mobilized more than two million citizens, and those in Eastern Europe in 1989 as part of the "Autumn of Nations" movement, which brought an end to communist governments. The Orange Revolution in Ukraine at the end of 2004 was also included in the analysis.
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